• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    This invention relates to an element 1 intended to be laid on a substrate A for obtaining departure and traffic surfaces, decoration surfaces and / or other types of surfaces. The element 1 comprises stones 2 and a casting mass 3. The stones 2 are arranged at a certain distance from each other. The casting mass 3 forms a plate 4 which is arranged below or behind each stone 2 and which holds the stones 2. The casting mass 3 fills the spaces 5 between the stones 2. The casting mass 3 forms and together with a surface 2.1 of each stone 2 forms a wear surface, end decoration surface, a top side and / or a front side 6 of the element 1. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing an element 1 according to the invention and a shape to be be used in the manufacture of an element 1 according to the invention. (See Fig. 2.) W: Other_Casedocum ents Patent P410- P41001456SE00 20100602 grundh t PRV.doc
    公开号:SE1050571A1
    申请号:SE1050571
    申请日:2010-06-03
    公开日:2011-12-04
    发明作者:Johan Forsman
    申请人:Johan Forsman；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    P41001456EN00 2 The manual paving requires very good knowledge of the paving itself and the final work with joining is of the utmost importance and requires long experience of the person performing the work for the result to be a paving of good quality that survives and remains in use. and is independent of weather and wind. Today there is a shortage of knowledgeable people in this area, which further complicates paving work and can reduce the quality of paving.
    Disclosure of the invention An object of this invention is to be able to offer something that improves the work described above with making pedestrian and traffic surfaces, decoration surfaces and other surfaces with a focus on reducing time consumption, reducing traffic disruptions, improving the working environment and with extra focus on improving oneself. the quality of the pedestrian and traffic surfaces, the decoration surfaces and the other surfaces.
    This object is achieved with an element intended to be placed on a substrate for obtaining pedestrian and traffic surfaces, decoration surfaces and / or other types of surfaces according to claim 1, a method of manufacturing such an element according to claim 12 and a mold to be used in the manufacture. of such an element according to claim 18.
    Brief description of the drawing Fig. 1 shows elements according to the invention placed in an outdoor environment Fig. 2 shows an element according to the invention.
    Fig. 3 shows two elements with inclined side portions arranged next to each other.
    Figs. 4a-f show two elements arranged next to each other and connected to each other in different ways.
    Fig. 5 shows stones and other parts included in the element which are placed in a mold during the manufacture of an element.
    Fig. 6 shows further parts placed in a mold in the manufacture of an element.
    Fig. 7 shows an element according to the invention during the final phase of the manufacture thereof.
    Fig. 8 shows an element which is lifted out of a mold used in the manufacture.
    Fig. 9 shows a mold according to the invention with a bottom covered with resilient material.
    Fig. 10 shows a further shape according to the invention with oblique side wall.
    Figs. 11a-g show different shapes of elements and shapes according to the invention.
    W: Other_Casedocuments Patent P410- P41001456SEOO 20100602 fundamentally PRV.doc P41 OO1456SEOO Detailed description of embodiments / or other types of surfaces E. Each element 1 is a prefabricated part, piece, lot, unit, module, which is assembled with one or more other elements and which together create pedestrian and traffic surfaces, decorative surfaces and / or other types of surfaces . The elements can also be used one by one for shorter pieces, smaller surfaces, or special purposes. See Fig. 1.
    The element 1 comprises stones 2 and a casting mass 3 which connects the stones 2 and forms a surface-wide element. The stones 2 are arranged at a certain distance from each other so that casting compound 3 appears everywhere between the stones 2 and acts as a joint, joint compound.
    The casting mass 3 forms a plate 4 which is arranged below or behind each stone 2 and which holds the stones 2 together. The casting mass 3 fills the spaces 5 which exist between the stones 2 so that the casting mass 3 together with a surface 2.1 of each stone 2 forms and forms a wear surface and / or a decorative surface 6, on the element 1. The term "each stone" means each stone 2 with a surface 2.1 which is shown, is flush with the molding compound 3, on the wear surface of the element which constitutes the upper side, front side of the element. There may be one or more stones 2.2 in the element 1 which are only intended to function as filling material and which can be covered with casting compound if they have not been placed in such a way that they reach the wear surface and / or decorative surface above, front side 6. See Fig. 2.
    Element 1, the modular element, is completely prefabricated and ready to use and does not require any more work when laid out to provide the desired surface. Each element 1 is completely homogeneous and no separate joining work is needed to fill any remaining space between the stones 2 that build up the element's wear surface and / or decorative surface, top, front 6. All you have to do is add elements to elements and create the surface that desired. The setting of element 1 according to the invention takes place with the aid of machines which lift and transport each element. When an element 1 has been placed against the substrate, an entire area has been provided with stone and casting mass corresponding to previously used stones with joints. In a limited time, a surface with an appearance corresponding to a traditional paving has come into place and can be used almost immediately. The paving that creates the pattern on the substrate and the surface now takes place in the manufacture of an element that can be done anywhere, even indoors, and thus at any time of the year. No human being needs to be outdoors in a harsh climate, nor in life-threatening traffic, in order to achieve a surface similar to traditional paving. The time it takes for one or more elements 1 to take place is very limited compared to traditional paving, which means a short break for the traffic that usually passes the area and also short work shifts for the people who perform the work.
    Stone laying with the help of element 1 gives an equivalent and even better result because the jointing is already finished and the stones 2 are supported and stabilized by the casting mass 3, which means that no traditional time-consuming jointing is required. An element like this can also be given different looks than what is possible with traditional stone laying as the creation does not take place manually on site. The traditional form bonding is relaxed and new material choices become possible.
    An element 1 according to the invention thus reduces the time required in the creation of pedestrian and traffic surfaces, traffic disturbances, improves the working environment and improves the actual quality of the pedestrian and traffic surfaces, decorative surfaces and other surfaces. Such an element 1 also reduces B and C, the decoration surfaces D and the other surfaces E.
    In traditional paving, the substrate is called "superstructure" and approximately the same preparatory work is required when laying element 1 according to the invention on the substrate A, which usually consists of a ground surface. Land refers to ordinary natural land, usually cultivated, or another type of surface that is desired to be paved. An element 1 according to the invention can be used to create a prefabricated surface in areas between inside and outside where the substrate can consist of something more dimensionally stable than ground.
    The wear surface and / or decorative surface 6 of the element is directed upwards or forwards when the element 1 is placed on the substrate A for use. The substrate A can be flat or sloping as it can be slopes to be covered with element 1 according to the invention. See Fig. 1.
    Stones The stones 2 used in the element 1 and which form the wear surface and / or decorative surface 6 of the element can be of different types. The same kind of stone can be used in the whole element but also different stones can be used in the same element, freely mixed or more or less strictly divided into different sections, surface parts, of the element so that different patterns arise. The stones are suitably some form of natural stone or a "stone" that is made in some way. The stones 2 can be carved natural stone, for example paving stones, crushed natural stone with varying sizes and / or slate. The stones 2 can also be made of any other material, for example ceramic, ceramic glass, polymer, rubber, art material or different material mixtures.
    W: Other_Casedocuments Patent P410- P41001456SEOO 20100602 grundh t PRV.doc P41001456SEOO An element 1 with only two stones 2 does not really mean any improvement and is not worth striving for. Such an element is only heavy and difficult to handle, but still too small for it to be rational to handle it mechanically. This invention becomes interesting only when many stones are joined by means of the casting mass so that an element will cover a relatively large, long and / or wide, surface of a substrate. Preferably with a size that does not invite manual handling but requires mechanical handling.
    Casting compound Casting compound 3 is preferably a cement-based casting compound. It should be easy-flowing and self-compacting so that when manufacturing an element 1 it easily creeps in between the stones and fills all cavities so that the element becomes a compact unit. If the casting compound 3 is self-compacting, no vibrations are needed to compact the casting compound, which of course facilitates the manufacture.
    The casting compound 3 is a resilient after curing, solidification. It is resilient thanks to the addition of some material that adds some flexibility to the portions formed by the casting compound.
    Reinforcement An element 1 according to the invention comprises a reinforcement 7 placed in the element, preferably in the plate 4 formed by the casting mass, below, behind, the stone layer 2. The reinforcement 7 suitably comprises reinforcing bars which are sewn together into a structure. See Figs. 2 and 7.
    Lifting device The element 1 comprises at least one lifting device 8 which enables handling, lifting, of the element 1 during manufacture, loading and unloading during transport, assembly, placement on site and / or other movement. The lifting device 8 suitably comprises at least one hook, a loop or the like to which different types of lifting machines can be connected or connected so that machines can be used to lift and move each element 1. It may be suitable that the element 1 comprises a lifting device 8 as a permanent is in the element 1 so that the element 1 can be moved at any time as desired, even if the element 1 has been placed, set, in the desired place. It may be desirable to move the element 1 if something below the element needs to be adjusted or repaired.
    It can be cables, pipes, viaducts or the like. It may also be desirable to move the element 1 for some other reason, for example if the ground for a longer or shorter time W: Other_Casedocuments Patent P410- P41001456SE00 20100602 grundh t PRV.doc P41 OO1456SEOO 6 is to be used for something where the element 1 and the surface 6 offered with the element 1 is not desirable or if the element 1 can risk being destroyed. See Figs. 2 and 7.
    Material portion The element 1 comprises at least one material portion 9 which is arranged along at least one of the side portions 1.1 of the element for reinforcing the side portion 1.1. The material portion 9 comprises a metal construction comprising a steel beam, a steel pipe, a steel plate and / or a construction of steel plate which abuts or surrounds the side portion 1.1 of the element. The material portion 9 in the form of sheet steel can also cover and protect the underside, back side 10 of the element.
    The side portion 1.1 may be wholly or partly provided with such a material portion 9. See Figs. 1, 4d, 4f and 6.
    Inclined side portion The element 1 comprises an inclined side portion 11 which is to abut against another adjacent element 1, the element 1 being abutting the adjacent element in the area 11a of the inclined side portion 11 which is directed towards the upper side, front side 6 of the element, and with a selected distance X in relation to the adjacent element 1 in the area 11b of the side portion which is directed towards the underside, rear side 10 of the element. See Figs. 3 and 4c.
    Construction part The element 1 comprises a construction part 12 which can be brought into contact with another element 1, directly or indirectly, via a connecting means 12.1, a connecting part 12.2 or the like, in order to hold the two elements together or at each other.
    The construction part 12, the connecting means 12.1 and / or the connecting part 12.2 are in one embodiment resilient and allow a definite movement of the two elements, which are held together against or next to each other, in relation to each other. The resilience can be obtained by the physical construction, for example via a link system, or by choosing flexible, resilient, material. See Fig. 4f and 6.
    The construction part 12 can for instance be a certain shaping of the side portion 1.1 of the element which matches the shape of adjacent elements so that the shape of the two elements locks their mutual position in relation to each other. See Fig. 4a. The construction part 12 may also comprise a part 12.3 included in one element 1 which is brought into co-operation with a similar part in an adjacent element so that the elements are held together against or at W: Other_Casedocuments Patent P410- P41001456SEOO 20100602 basically PRV. doc P41001456SE00 7 each other. See Fig. 4b. The construction part 12 may consist of a material portion 9 if this is suitable.
    A bonding agent 12.1, for example silicone or similar adhesive and at the same time elastic, resilient, agent can be applied between the elements 1, so that the elements are held together. See Fig. 4c.
    A connecting part 12.2, for example a fork, a clamp, a groove device, some kind of construction which is fastened in the respective element 1, in the respective construction part 12, for example at or near a reinforcing material portion 9 which can then be said to constitute the construction part 12, can also be used to hold together two elements 1 arranged next to each other 1. See Figs. 4d and 4e. The connecting part 12.2 can also be fastened in the respective elements and comprise an intermediate portion 12.2a which is resilient, flexible, and allows movement of the two elements in relation to each other. See Fig. 4f. The resilience can be obtained by the physical construction, for example via a link system, or by choosing flexible, resilient, material. This connecting part 12.2 preferably comprises portions 12.2b which are releasably brought into co-operation with one or more parts of the respective element 1, for example a material portion 9 or a construction part 12. Each element 1 can for this purpose either be preformed or comprise parts, e.g. in the form of a material portion 9 or construction part 12 suitable for co-operation with the connecting part 12.2.
    Method The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing an element as above. An element according to the invention is formed, cast, in a mold 13 with bottom 14 and side walls 15.
    The method comprises placing, arranging, stones 2 in the mold at a certain distance from each other. One of each stone surfaces 2.1, the one which is intended to form part of the element's wear surface, decorative surface, together with the casting mass 3, is directed downwards and laid down on and against the bottom of the mold 14. The stones 2 are thus laid with their upper side 2.1, the side shall be the upper side, front side of the element, towards the bottom of the mold 14. See Figs. 5 and 6.
    This is followed by filling of casting compound 3 between the stones 2 so that the casting mass 3 flows in between the stones 2 and down to the bottom 14 of the mold so that the surfaces 2.1 of the stones and the casting mass 3 together abut against the bottom of the mold 14. The casting mass 3 is preferably cement-based. casting compound which should be easy-flowing and self-compacting so that it easily creeps in between the stones 2 and fills all cavities W: unit. If it is self-compacting, no vibrations are needed to compact the casting compound, which of course facilitates production. See Fig. 7.
    Finally, further filling of more casting mass 3 takes place over the stones 2, and the casting mass 3 already filled between the stones 2, so that the stones 2 and the casting mass 3 between the stones 2 are covered and the element 1 obtains a definite thickness Y. This final casting mass 3 forms the plate 4 which of the finished element 1 is located below, behind, the stones 2 and also constitutes the underside, back side 10 of the element.
    This procedure should be seen as a new way of setting stones. The paving does not require the same processing of the substrate as traditional paving as the stones are only laid in the desired pattern in one form. It is even possible to make a paving where no stone needs to be laid by hand but stone crushers are placed in, poured into, the mold 13 and cast with casting compound 3.
    One or more steps or steps included in the process suitably take place with the aid of automated equipment. Since the production does not have to take place outside at the place where element 1 is finally to be laid, the production can take place anywhere, preferably indoors, so that the production can take place at any time during a year. The quality of the paving is determined by the materials used and a certain amount of knowledge, but not at all in the same way as before and not in as many areas as before.
    The method comprises placing reinforcement 7, reinforcing iron which is preferably nailed to a structure, over the stones in the mold.
    The method comprises placing a lifting device 8 between the stones 21 in the mold 13 so that the finished element 1 will comprise at least one device 8 which makes it possible to lift the element 1 in different situations.
    The method also comprises placing a material portion 9, a metal structure, a steel beam, steel pipe and / or a steel plate along, at or inside, at least one of the side walls 15 of the mold, or constituting one of the side walls of the mold, to reinforce at least one of the side portions of the element. . In case a steel plate is to be used as the material portion 9 and in addition forms part of the mold, this side wall 15 of the mold will be released from the mold so that it can be included as part of the element 1 and the mold 13 will be supplemented with a new side portion.
    W: Other_Casedocuments Patent P410- P41001456SEOO 20100602 fundamentally PRV.doc P41001456SE00 the side walls 15 of the mold. Various configurations of structural members 12 and cooperating members have been described earlier in this specification.
    The production ends with solidification of the casting mass 3, which usually takes place for a certain time based on the casting mass used. Then the pick-up of the finished element 1 from the mold 13 follows, unless the mold should remain around the element, in whole or in part, and form a fixed material portion. See Fig. 8.
    Mold The invention also relates to the mold 13 itself intended for use in the manufacture of an element 1 according to the invention. The mold 13 comprising a bottom 14 and side walls 15 where the bottom 14 in the direction towards the mold is provided with at least one layer 16 of a resilient material, preferably foam rubber, some soft cellular plastic. This property of the bottom 14 and 15 of the mold, that it is resilient, means that when the stones 2 are placed on the bottom 14 of the mold, on the resilient material layer 16, the material layer 16 will be shaped according to the appearance of the stone, the appearance of the surface 2.1 of each stone 2 laid against the bottom 14 and 16 of the mold 13, so that the bottom 14 of the mold, the material layer 16, will abut against the entire surface of the stone 2.1. When the casting mass 3 is then filled into the mold 13 and between the stones 2, the casting mass 3 will flow down between the stones 2 down to the bottom 14, the material layer 16 but there will be no cavities between the stones 2 and the bottom 14, the material layer 16, as the casting mass 3 This means that the surface 6 of the element 1 which is built up of stones 2 and casting mass 3 and which abuts against the bottom of the mold 14, the material layer 16, will comprise just stones 2 and casting mass 3 between the stones 2 but not under the stones This results in that when the element 1 is taken up from the mold 13, the wear and / or decoration surface 6 of the element consists, top, front, of desired and selected stones 2 and casting compound 3 and is ready for use. No further joining must take place between the stones 2 in the element 1. See Fig. 9.
    The bottom 14 of the mold and / or at least one of the sled walls 15 is made of sheet material, preferably of the plywood type, plywood. A disc of such a material is easily flexible and can therefore be bent and used to give the element 1 a structural part in the form of a shaping of the side portion of the element which matches the shape of adjacent elements so that W: Other_Casedocuments Patent P410- P41001456SEOO The shape of the two elements locks their relative position in relation to each other 20100602 grundh t PRV.doc '10 P41001456SEOO. The disc can be given an S-shape or the like which results in an S-shape of the elements manufactured in the mold. The flexibility of such a disc also makes it possible to form elements with a cake piece character, circle shape or any other arc shape. See Fig. 11a-11g.
    The bottom 14 of the mold and / or at least one of the side walls 15 may also be made of sheet steel.
    A mold 13 according to this invention may also comprise at least one side wall 15a which slopes inwards so that the open side 17 of the mold is smaller than the bottom surface of the mold 18. Such a mold 13 must have a removable or foldable side, preferably the inwardly sloping side 15a, in order to the element 1 must be able to be taken out of the mold 13. Such a mold 13 results in an element 1 with an inclined side portion 11 which must abut against another element 1 in the manner previously described in the description. See Fig. 10. Other This description should be seen as a guide to a full understanding of the invention and not as a limitation of the content of the inventive concept. The technical features, designs, details and detailed solutions described in the application can be freely combined in different embodiments of elements 1, method or shapes 13 according to the invention as long as the desired function is obtained and without departing from the inventive concept.
    W: Other_Casedocuments Patent P410- P41001456SEOO 20100602 grundh t PRV.doc
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    A patent element (1) intended to be laid on a substrate (A) for obtaining pedestrian and traffic surfaces, decorative surfaces and / or other types of surfaces comprising stones (2) and a casting compound ( 3) characterized in that the stones (2) are arranged at a certain distance from each other, that the casting mass (3) forms a plate (4) which is arranged below or behind each stone (2) and which holds the stones (2) together, that the casting mass (3) fills the spaces between the stones (2) and that the casting compound (3) together with a surface (2.1) of each stone (2) forms and forms a wear surface, a decorative surface, a top, a front, (6) on the element (1). Element (1) according to claim 1, wherein the stones (2) are natural stone, hewn natural stone, crushed natural stone of varying size and / or manufacture of any material, for example ceramic glass, slate, polymer, rubber, art material or different material mixtures. Element (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the casting compound (3) is a cement-based casting compound. Element (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the casting mass (3) is a resilient casting mass. Element (1) according to any one of claims 1-4 comprising reinforcement (7) placed in the element, preferably in the plate (4) formed by the molding compound. Element (1) according to any one of claims 1-5, comprising at least one lifting device (8) which enables handling, lifting, of the element (1) during manufacture, loading and unloading during transport, assembly, placement on site and / or other movement. . Element (1) according to any one of claims 1-6 comprising at least one material portion (9) arranged along at least one of the side portions (1.1) of the element for reinforcing the side portion (1 .1). Element (1) according to claim 7, wherein the material portion (9) comprises a metal structure comprising a steel beam tube, a steel plate and / or a steel plate structure surrounding the side portions and underside, rear side of the element. W: Other_Casedocum ents Patent P410- P41001456SEO0 20100602 grundh t PRV.doc 10 15 20 25 30 35 P41001456SEOO 9. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 12 Element (1) according to any one of claims 1-8 comprising at least one inclined side portion (11) to abut against another adjacent element, the element (1) being abutting the adjacent element in the area (11a) of the oblique side portion (11) directed towards the upper side of the element, front side, (6) and with a selected distance (x) relative to the adjacent element in the area (11b) of the side portion (11) facing the underside, back side (10) of the element. '. Element (1) according to any one of claims 1-9 comprising at least one structural part (12) which can be brought into contact with another element, directly or indirectly, via a connecting means (12.1) and / or a connecting part (12.2), to hold together the two elements against or next to each other. Element (1) according to claim 10, wherein the structural part (12), the connecting means (12.1) and / or the connecting part (12.2) are resilient and allow a definite movement of the two elements, which are held together against or next to each other, relative to each other. A method of manufacturing an element (1) according to any one of claims 1-11 comprising placing stones (2) in a mold (13) comprising a bottom (14) and side walls (15), at a certain distance from each other and with a surface (2.1), intended to form part of the wear surface of the element, decorative surface, (6) directed downwards and abutting against the bottom of the mold (14), filling of molding compound (3) between the stones (2) so that the molding compound (3) flows in between the stones (2) and down to the bottom of the mold (14, 16) so that the surfaces of the stones (2.1) and the molding compound (3) together will abut against the bottom of the mold (14, 16) and filling the molding compound (3) over the stones (2) , and the casting mass (3) between the stones (2), so that the stones (2) are covered and the element (1) obtains a definite thickness (Y). Method according to claim 12, comprising placing reinforcement (7) over the stones (2) in the mold (13). Method according to claim 12 or 13, comprising placing a lifting device (8) between the stones (2) in the mold (13). A method according to any one of claims 12-14 comprising placing a portion of material (9), comprising a metal structure, a steel beam / pipe and / or a steel plate along the base of the PRV. d oc 10 15 20 25 P41 OO1456SEO0 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21 21 with, at or inside, at least one of the side walls (15) of the mold, or constituting one of the side walls (15) of the mold, for reinforcing at least one of the side portions of the element (1 .1). A method according to any one of claims 12-15 comprising placing at least one structural part (12) which directly or indirectly enables cohesion of two adjacent elements (1) against or next to each other, at or inside one of the side walls (15) of the mold. Method according to any one of claims 12-16, where one or more steps or steps included in the method take place with the aid of automated equipment. Mold (13) intended for use in the manufacture of an element (1) according to any one of claims 1-11 comprising a bottom (14) and side walls (15) where the bottom (14) in the direction towards the mold is provided with at least one layer ( 16) of a resilient material, preferably foam rubber, some soft foam. Mold (13) according to claim 18, wherein the bottom (14) and / or at least one of the side walls (15) is made of sheet material, preferably of the plywood type, plywood. Mold (13) according to claim 19, wherein the bottom (14) and / or at least one of the side walls (15) is made of sheet steel. A mold (13) according to any one of claims 18-20 wherein at least one of the side walls (15a) slopes inwards so that the open side (17) of the mold is smaller than the bottom surface (18) of the mold. W: Other_Casedocum ents Patent P410- P41001456SE00 20100602 grundh t PRV.doc
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1050571A|SE536716C2|2010-06-03|2010-06-03|Procedure for the manufacture of elements for pedestrian and traffic surfaces, elements and shape|SE1050571A| SE536716C2|2010-06-03|2010-06-03|Procedure for the manufacture of elements for pedestrian and traffic surfaces, elements and shape|
    EP11790094.4A| EP2576910B1|2010-06-03|2011-06-01|Method and element|
    DK11790094.4T| DK2576910T3|2010-06-03|2011-06-01|PROCEDURE AND ELEMENT|
    PCT/SE2011/050687| WO2011152791A1|2010-06-03|2011-06-01|Method, element and form|
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